The selection of samples of soil and plants

Methods for selection of soil samples

Since moving into the field to the customer

The selection of soil samples carried out by our technicians as the autosampler and manual drill. Regardless of the type of sampling is carried out fixation with GPS-receiver of each of the 30 injections within an elementary area (area selection and boundaries) to form a single sample. This allows to determine exactly how to place the selection of intermediate injections and tie assembly (composed of 30 shots), the sample to a specific site. This allows, e.g., to diagnose certain problem areas within the field, etc. receive cartograms Tackling on-site at the customer's field for the selection has certain advantages for the customer. Namely:

• Sampling is performed by professional pedologists This ensures correct formation of elementary section, which is important for not only the size (10-20 m and more), but groundwater cancellation within its limits, exposure, relief. It guides sometimes agrotechnical method for performing operations on a particular field.
• Determination of the minimum required number of samples sufficient to form correct recommendations It is not always increasing the number of samples taken from the field expedient. On the one hand - greater number of samples provides a more accurate picture of the field, to create maps for differential fertilizer, planting and maintenance of fields with the help of precision farming systems, and on the other hand - the lack of economies opportunity to take full advantage of such information leads to significant cost overruns funds. We care about the economic feasibility of use of our services and we understand that the introduction of precision farming - is not only the financial capacity management.
• Fixing the GPS coordinates of each injection within the formation (selection) of the sample Create maps of differential fertilizer, seeding and maintenance of fields is impossible without accurate snap sampling coordinates. Differentiated making - one of the advantages of precision farming. Departure date previously agreed upon and adjusted in accordance with the route plan.

Self-selection by the customer:

As described for the selection of soil samples customer selects independently and transmits any convenient way to the laboratory. Independent selection also has certain advantages. Typically, the customer selects the samples according to the procedure independently in the following cases:

• Farm processes advantageously small fields from 1 to 20 m
• The total area of the field is less than 200 ha
• Fields in the economy have a detailed history and are relatively uniform in relief and agricultural industrial groups
• The number of samples in the order of less than 10

As a rule, the cost of the analysis of a soil sample, which was taken independently are lower than in the case of the laboratory staff to travel to the selection field. The samples pass to our laboratory for agrochemical soil analysis by qualified experts on modern instruments, we guarantee prompt and high-quality produce results.

For early detection of lack of mineral nutrients used chemical methods (laboratory) and mobile (and leaf tissue diagnosis.

Tissue diagnosis is based on determining the content of inorganic compounds in tissues, juice or extracts from plants nitrates, phosphates, sulfates, potassium, magnesium, etc. Apply it to quickly establish control over the power plant.

Sheet diagnosis is based on the gross of the leaves (whole plant or of individual organs). For the chemical analysis of diagnostic plant samples carried out in the laboratory.

The selection of the average sample of plant material - it is a complex operation, which is not only responsible and important, but also quite heavy. Therefore, the selection is carried out by our technicians, which in turn guarantees the representativeness of the plant material and this is one of the most important points to obtain reliable results. The specialist can accurately determine the route, as well as the correct selection of plant material.

During the selection methodology takes into account many important factors. Samples of the plant material should be selected after the first signs of symptoms of deficiency or excess of nutrients content. Best degree of security of plant nutrients is determined by analysis of the young leaves. However, in some cases, to determine the excess boron and manganese is necessary to analyze old leaves, while excessive absorption of copper - its content increases in the roots.

Spot samples were taken from different places on the basis of the averaged pattern (diagonal, square, parallel lines, a random step). When selection switch is not allowed in the sample plants with symptoms of the disease, the damaged mechanically damaged by insects and dead tissue. Sampling should be carried out in the morning in the absence of rain and dew. average sample weight should be 200 - 500 g in wet weight. In only use paper containers during sample transport. It should be noted that, for various agricultural crops, there are well-defined sampling periods and requirements for inclusion in the average sample different parts of the plan.

The selection of plant specimens held by:

• during the growing season - monthly.
• as a rule, before watering.
• in the morning of day, preferably during the growing season at the same time.
• collected 20 - 30 samples from the area 230 m2.

Which part of the plant must be selected for analysis - depends on the culture, the phase of its development and the kind of diagnosis, e.g. cucumber seedling phase: cutting plate or sheet 1 for tissue diagnosis and the whole aboveground mass for diagnostic sheet; in the phase of flowering and fruiting: cuttings and plates of 4-5 leaves from the top of the main shoot.

Note: there are specific phases of selection medium samples for each crop. For more information, you can consult with a specialist.